diff --git a/correction.bib b/correction.bib new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7cfafff --- /dev/null +++ b/correction.bib @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +@misc{ enwiki:signal-to-noise, + author = "{Wikipedia contributors}", + title = "Signal-to-noise ratio --- {Wikipedia}{,} The Free Encyclopedia", + year = "2026", + url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Signal-to-noise_ratio&oldid=1334458479", + note = "[Online; accessed 16-February-2026]" +} + diff --git a/correction.tex b/correction.tex index 0523f80..536180a 100644 --- a/correction.tex +++ b/correction.tex @@ -14,8 +14,11 @@ \usepackage{amsmath} \PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url} \usepackage{hyperref} % allows urls to follow line breaks of text +\usepackage{glossaries} \usepackage[style=ieee, backend=biber, maxnames=1, minnames=1]{biblatex} -\addbibresource{entropy.bib} +\addbibresource{correction.bib} + +\newacronym{snr}{SNR}{signal-to-noise ratio} @@ -25,7 +28,34 @@ \begin{document} \maketitle -(theorems: Hamming condition, Varsham-Gilbert) +\section{Introduction} +When messages are transmitted over real media, errors are inevitably introduced. +Though the source of errors are manifold, they are ubiquitous and need to be accounted for if we want any +real chance of reading a correct message at the end. +On a basic level, we can understand that a channel with a lower \textit{\acrfull{snr}}, +i.e. more errors per intended information will require more effort to retain the message information. +\[ \mathrm{SNR} = \frac{P_{signal}}{P_{noise}} \] +In an analog system, one might attempt to simply increase transmission power $P_{signal}$ +as is done for example in professional audio equipment. +This would however require the modification of the transmission channel itself, which is not possible for e.g. wireless transmissions. + +In a digital system, we could understand \acrshort{snr} as the probability of a bit being flipped in transit. +For example, if a binary message is sent electronically, with a 1 being represented by a voltage of one volt +and a 0 being represented by zero volts, +the receiver is likely to observe some intermediate value such as .82 volts. +Using a nearest-neighbor criterion, the receiver might consider anything over .5 volts to be the binary signal 1 +and anything less than .5 volts to be the binary signal 0. +If the noise level is small on average, most transmissions will be interpreted correctly. +However, there generally remains a chance that an intended 1 will be received as .47 volts and hence interpreted incorrectly as a 0. +\cite{enwiki:signal-to-noise} + +In this digital system, we can improve communication reliability by using a coding scheme that is tolerant of errors. + +\section{Hamming Condition} +theorems: Hamming condition, Varsham-Gilbert +Shannon-Hartley +Convolutional Code +Reed-Solomon CRC \printbibliography \end{document}